preliminary tasks

Fargo – Analysis

The first shot of the scene consists of an over-the-shoulder shot from the back of the car of the police officers as they turn up in front of the gate of what seems to be a large farm. As the car drives through the farm we get an idea of the mise-en-scene of the clip. The car indicates to us that the clip is set around the 1980s on a cold winter’s day somewhere in the United states. Many different shots of the car from various different angles are used, giving off the sensation that there are many eyes focusing on the officer’s car. As they pull up and get out of the car, the men on the farm do not greet them, they are asked for their weapons straight away, giving the officers a very unwelcomed vibe. The farmers are all armed and are wearing very heavy clothing. As the woman walks out onto her porch and greets the local police officer, he seems extremely nervous and anxious. The way she is on a higher level than the officer, along with the use of an over-the-shoulder shot looking down on the officer, gives the audience the impression that she has the power in the situation. The woman asks how the officer’s mother is, reinforcing her power and knowledge over the local area. The officer from out of state however, doesn’t seem anxious at all, if not, he feels he’s the one in charge due to him being in the police force. One of the woman’s sons walks onto the porch and stands behind the woman, once again giving off the impression that she has the power in the situation. The tension rises between the family and the officers and the non-diegetic sound adds on to the tension between them. Another family member turns up to the farm, a low angle shot is used of his boots as he exits the car, giving off the impression of an alpha male. It almost appears as though the local police officer is getting picked on and controlled by this man, until the other officer steps in. The man seems confused by the officer’s behaviour and gets aggressive towards him, which increases the tension even more along with the use of closeups of the heads of the two men . There is a significant difference in uniform between the two officers. The one from out of town seems more professional and well trained compared to the local officer. 

The tension is broken when the eye contact between two men stops along with the non-diegetic sound and the brother orders that the situation stops and that the family get back into the house. The local officer seems relieved and in a rush to go, although the other officer doesn’t seem phased and is left with the look of curiosity on his face.

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preliminary tasks

Line Of Duty – Analysis

The close up shots used at the start of the clip are employed to make the viewer feel as immersed in the scene as possible. The close up shots of the bucking of the protective helmets and the preparation of the weapons makes it feel as though the viewer is in there with them. This first scene is very tense and there is a lot of movement. By using a hand held camera, the director can make quick movements to different actions and this also adds to the nervous atmosphere being created by the actors. When the police close in on the flat the director chooses a long shot which shows us the amount of armed police approaching the door of a small flat, giving us an idea of the seriousness of what lies behind that door. It also shows us that there are other doors on either side which becomes more important later on, once we realise the mistake. When the door opens and the camera shows a close up of the woman’s face, this is the first indication for the viewer that the police may have got this wrong. The tracking shot on the police officer as he is running shows the panic that the policeman is feeling as he realises that something is wrong and conveys his fast movements to get to the scene. Pan shots and push ins are all about conveying a sense of movement. They can pan in on a subject from far away by zooming into him, so intensifying the scene or the panic on the face of the actor.

Two shots are used in film to convey tension and action. By using one shots and two shots in quick succession of each other, the director can convey the intensity of the mission, and show the strategic relationships that all the police officers in the scene have with each other. The operation being carried out has had a lot of planning and involves many people and so the one two shots are great to highlight these relationships. Fast edits between the shots create speed, and movement, but also display an element of chaos, which starts to suggest to the viewer that if one small mistake is made by any of the police then a catastrophe will occur. After the word Fahrenheit, the director has employed slow motion on the police officer to allow for a realisation that the orders are now in place and the mission is going ahead. It shows the policeman’s face as he realises that the operation can not now be stopped….and this is of particular importance a few minutes later as we realise tht the mistake is made. The slow motion employed is great to create tension. He also uses blurred foreground imagery to highlight the look of the policeman’s face in the background.

Diegetic sound is used to set a scene of intensity, and one that is going to set up a significant outcome for the rest of the film. Screeching tyres of a police car lets the viewer know that there is a tight time frame for the officers to reach their destination and the radio crackling in and out show that the operation has been tightly coordinated. The music that the director has chosen builds the suspense of the scene. The chords and notes are climbing as the scene builds, with the violins reaching a peak as the door is blown off its hinges and the shots are fired. Then the music goes quieter to highlight the slow motion filming of a scene of tragedy as the viewer becomes clear that the police have shot the wrong man. Police jargon is used t6o instill in the viewer the fact that this is a police operation and so the viewer believes that the criminal is about to get apprehended. Radio sounds and police walkie talkies build a scene of security for the viewer. Once the mistake is made, and the woman and baby start to scream, the terrible truth of the mistake is even more drastic.

The Mise-en-scene of this clip gives off quite a depressing and dramatic mood due to darkness of the shots given off through the weather in the scenes. This sensation is reinforced by where these shots are set.

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research

Titling and Fonts

Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language readable and appealing to the readers. The main purpose of typography is to make it easier to read what you’ve written: It makes it possible to quickly scan your text. It intrigues your readers to engage with your text. When done well, it enhances the message it presents.

The most used font in films is Trajan. Trajan finds its way into many Hollywood movie posters and anything remotely to do with religion, law, marriage, class or the past.

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preliminary tasks

Skyfall – Analysis

In the opening clip of this scene it begins with a medium shot of M walking towards the camera, She has a very serious look on her face. The way M presents herself tells us as viewers a lot about her character. M and her assistants are all dressed in black, this gives off quite a heartless vibe, which contrasts with Silva who is dressed in white which suggests purity and kindness. These two characters collide with one another since they are both suggesting different personalities with just what they are wearing. The glassbox tells us that the mise-en-scene of the scene is quite futuristic. It is clearly shown they do not have a good relationship between one another since that is the reason silva is locked up in a glassbox. 

There are a lot of close up shots used in this scene. As soon as the scene begins, there is a head shot/medium shot of M walking ahead with her two assistants beside her. This creates intensity and intrigue as she walks towards the room.  When M enters the room there is an establishing shot used to show the viewers the mise-en-scene and to contrast the size of the people to the glassbox. As the glassbox is revealed to M, there is a headshot used of her yet her face expressions do not change, the camera stays on her face for a few seconds to allow the viewers to feel her emotions. They use an interesting framing effect to show how the camera moves between M and Silva as they are having a conversation. There are also a few close ups on Silva’s face, these are used to show his emotions and disappointment towards M. 

This scene is very quiet and there are a lot of silent breaks. The silence creates tension and suspense throughout the clip. When M is walking into the glassbox room all we can hear are the footsteps of the characters and especially M’s high heels. When she enters the room there is a long pause of silence between Silva and M suggesting they do not have a good relationship with one another. It also insinuates they have not seen one another in a long time. 

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preliminary tasks

Dunkirk – Analysis

This scene starts off with a close-up tracking shot of the soldier’s face showing the emotions he is expressing, from what I can tell he seems curious/confused about what is going on around him. The mise-en-scene of this shot is set on a beach filled with men dressed in large black coats, the weather behind the soldier is foggy and grim, which gives off quite a depressing vibe. The non-diegetic sound in this clip leads you into the sensation of suspense until it comes to a halt and the scene is left with an eerie silence. An over the shoulder shot is then used and the diegetic sound of planes in the distance come into scene , suddenly various warplanes break through the clouds and the soldiers flee to try to find some sort of safety. The sky is blue in this shot, whereas it is still foggy behind the soldiers. To me this signifies that they are running into darker times since in the shot they are running towards the grim weather. The close up shot of the soldier brakes as he runs away from the camera and everyone throws themselves to the floor. An establishing shot is used that shows the bombs going off behind the main character’s body, getting closer and closer, but to the soldiers’ relief he manages to come out of the situation unscaved. There is a moment of peace until most of the soldiers rise to their feet once more, although sadly some of them don’t. As the main character stands up he seems shaken, this sensation is also backed by the “unstable” camera movement. Some of the soldiers seem unhappy about the event that occurred but apart from that factor, everything returns back to how it was before the attack, like it had never occured.

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preliminary tasks

And Then There Where None – Analysis

In the fist scene, we start off with a medium shot. The most noticeable feature of this shot is the presence of colors that are displayed, its dull and consists of dark and depressing colours, this helps show the mood of this scene and establishes the genre, being Mystery, Drama, Thriller. The use of non diegetic sound is hardly used in this first scene. The diegetic sound of the scene relies almost entirely on the dialogue, the characters show rising conflict as they stand up and slowly higher their tone of voice. Acting and body language also play a crucial role to the scene to deliver the conflict and intensity. The mise-en-scene is what makes these colours so dull. The characters’ costumes and the way the room is decorated takes us back to the era in which the scene takes place, the 1930’s. The shots in the dining room mostly consist of medium shots as they are the go to shot when trying to capture a conversation as it encases their facial expressions while not being uncomfortably close.

The only point non diegetic sound is used, is as a transition to the next room, as the audience is able to hear strings. As Dr Armstrong slowly starts to become more triggered he conveys his emotion by getting more aggressive with the way he handles things, he also shows this emotion very visibly with facial expressions. Close ups are used in this scene to exaggerate the existence of an object in the scene, like the medication and the clock. The clock is used to intensify the scene but also symbolizes time, but also to show the time one of the visitors of the house has left.

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preliminary tasks

X Men – Analysis

The opening shot of the scene starts off with a over-the-shoulder shot which switches to a close up shot to create tension between the two characters. This tension is broken when the room is raided by guards, the camera shots and use of the non-diegetic sound used in this part of the scene make the guards seem very aggressive and in control of the situation. As the X-Men feel threatened and clueless of what to do in this situation, one of the characters seems to make a mistake in which the other characters aren’t pleased about and try to stop him, but it’s too late. Quicksilver decides to take it into his own hands. As everything is launched into the air, quicksilver slows down time, and puts some sort of device in his ears, which seems like headphones due to the music starting as he puts them in, although the music is a non-diegetic sound in the scene. The editing in this scene is brilliant, everything is almost brought to a halt by Quicksilver’s powers. He runs around the room messing around with the security guards and preventing any of the other X-Men getting hurt, meanwhile the mise-en-scene together with the non-diegetic music make this scene presents a pleasant and calm ambients which leads to the sense that Quicksilver has everything in control whilst having fun in this situation. Once it’s over everything along with the security guards ends up on the floor and all the X-Men look at each other with confusion and relief. A over-the-shoulder shot is used to show the superiority of Quicksilver in this scene and then the X-Men carry on with their quest.

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preliminary tasks

Baby Driver – Analysis

The opening scene starts off with an establishing shot of a building that resembles a bank, during this shot you can hear a high pitch noise, which is the noise of a cars brakes as it pulls up in front of the camera giving us a close up shot of the rims of the car. The shot then changes to Baby turning on a mp3 player, which starts the non-diegetic sound of the scene, although it’s also what the character is listening to in the scene. The intro of the song coincides with the introduction of the 4 characters at the rhythm of the beat. Once they exit the car, the music kicks into action. This scene displays a very good use of sound.

A large portion of this opening scene consists of Baby grooving in his car to his music, giving off the feeling of a very open and careless personality. His little show comes to an end when a cop car speeds past him, a pan shot is used to show the speed at which the car is going. Once the cop car drives past the non-diegetic sound comes to a halt to create a sense of suspense. As he looks through the window and sees the other three characters robbing the bank, the music escalates creating tension, until the music goes into full force and the getaway scene starts.

The getaway scene is mostly made up of various different high speed shots and cuts, such as tracking shots of Baby’s car. The sound is a mix between the diegetic sound, for example the sirens from the cop cars and the high pitch sound from the car drifting, and the non-diegetic music that is still playing. Once they escape the cops, they change car and most of the characters, apart from baby change outfits. Baby keeps is glasses on throughout the whole scene giving a mysterious sensation about him.

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preliminary tasks

Tools/Techniques – Skills

Photoshop:

Tool / feature / techniqueWhat it does / Description Where you used it / Reason Value / usefulness / advantage 
Magic wand selection tool Selects pixels based on tone and colour.It can be used to select a portion of a frame and enables you to get rid of it.It is a fast selection tool and is much easier than selecting it manually.
Quick Selection toolTo quickly paint a selection using an adjustable round brush tip.In the options bar. I used this tool to paint a section using an adjustable round brush. When used the selection expanded and it defined the edges of the image.  
Adjust selections Can add or subtract pixels to selections.Add to the selection option in the options bar. Saves you from having to select a new section. 
Adjust hue and saturation Enables you to adjust the colors in your image based on their hue, saturation, and lightness. Found in image adjustment. Gives a more intense effect when producing an overly smooth, overly saturated synthetic appearance if used aggressively.
Replace colour toolSamples the original colours and replacing them with your selected foreground colour. Control-click on the Brush Tool to select the Color Replacement Tool.It maintains the midtones, shadows, and highlights of the original image so you get a realistic-looking colour adjustment.
Spot healing / healing brush toolIt paints from sampled pixels from an image or pattern and matches the depth.In the vertical Toolbar. Removes blemishes or imperfections in the image.
Clone stamp tool Selects and samples an area of your picture and then uses the pixels to paint over any marks. Click and hold the rubber stamp in the toolbox, and then select Clone Stamp Tool.Acts like a brush so you can change the size, allowing cloning from just one pixel wide to hundreds.
Crop  toolIt deletes parts and edges of an image manually to a specific size.  Choose the crop tool from the tool bar. It deletes selected parts of an image that are not wanted. 
Rectangular and elliptical marquee toolIt allows us to draw oval or circular selections. From the Marquee flyout menu in the toolbar. It is designed for circular/round objects and makes it very easy to draw rounded shapes. 
Eyedropper Select the foreground (or the background) in the Tools panel or the Color panel. Select the Eyedropper tool in the Tools panel (or press the I key) Click the color in your image that you want to use.Used in tools panel or colour panel. The Eyedropper looks exactly like a real eyedropper so it is very clear what it is used for. 
Dodge and burn toolThe Dodge tool and the Burn tool lighten or darken areas of the image.In the vertical Toolbar with the Sponge Tool. To increase the contrast on parts of the image by increasing or reducing the amount of light exposure on the print.
Layer opacity / transparency To have a foundation layer, then a retouching layer, then a layer for any other added objects and a layer for colour toning.Opacity drop-down arrow at the top of the Layers panel.It can make every edit easy to reverse. 
Zoom tool Allows you to zoom in on the image to get a better idea of the actual pixel makeup of a section you are working on.Click and hold in the image to zoom in. Press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) to zoom out.Zooms in to fill the image window at the highest magnification that includes the selected area. 
Lasso tool It allows you to soften the edges of your selection or add a feathering effect. Keyboard shortcut L to access the Lasso Tool. Then, use your right mouse button on the Lasso Tool while selecting and use the drop down menu to select the three tools.

Illustrator:

Tool / feature technique What it does / DescriptionWhere you used it / ReasonValue / usefulness / advantage
Basic shapesIt creates different shapes for you. To recreate the shape of an object.There are many different shapes you can choose from. 
Modifier keysChanges the behaviour of something you are using. ALT (PC) / OPTION (Mac)Once they are released the behavior changes back to the original state. 
GridCreates rectangular grids of a specified size and number of horizontal and vertical dividers.Where the tool panel is under the line tool.Creates concentric circles of a specified size and specific number of concentric and radial dividers.
Snap to gridTo snap shapes or other objects to grid lines that go through the vertical and horizontal edges of other shapes or objects. Choose View > Snap To Point.Allows us to snap each object to the Grid, making our process a lot more straightforward.
Gradient toolIs a graduated blend of two or more colours or tints of the same colour. You can use gradients to create colour blends, add volume to vector objects, and add a light and shadow effect to your artwork.Hold the Shift key.Allows for very flexible and detailed application of colour to objects. A Gradient Mesh creates a grid inside the object that follows the contour.
Shape builder It combines edits, and fills shapes on your artboard. The selected shapes are combined into one shape. The Shape Builder tool also enables merging objects, breaking overlapping shapes, and subtracting areas. Lets you merge and exclude portions of shapes to create compound paths, with very little effort.
Direct selection toolAllows you to isolate any single object or path, even if it’s already part of a group. Direct Selection tool from the Tools panel, click inside the desired object, or click and drag around part of the object’s path.Selects entire objects or groups. This tool activates all anchor points in an object or group at the same time, allowing you to move an object without changing its shape.
Text tool and text on a pathTo create horizontal text along a path, select the Type tool or the Type On A Path tool. To create vertical text along a path, select the Vertical type tool. Set text-formatting options in the Control panel, Character panel, or Paragraph panel.To show the credits of a movie. Has different fonts and positions. 
Zoom toolUsing the Zoom tool, you can click the Document window to zoom in and to zoom out.  Double-click with the Zoom tool to quickly resize the Document window to 100 percent.Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac).It is handy when you want to make a precise shape.  

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research

Colour Theory

In filmmaking, color is used to set the tone of a scene before any of the actors have even uttered a word. Red is used to denote passion, danger or power. Pink signifies innocence, femininity and beauty. Yellow is associated with joy, naivety and insanity.

The definition of Film Color Theory is a theory that states that certain colors in film illicit certain emotions from the audience. Manipulation of these colors can be used to guide the audience toward the intent of the author, juxtaposed against one another to send a message, or subverted to create dramatic irony.

There are many ways to use color in film. When telling a story, colors:

  1. Elicit psychological reactions.
  2. Draw focus to significant details.
  3. Set the tone of the movie.
  4. Represent character traits.
  5. Show changes or arcs in the story.
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